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Welcome to another Tech Tip Tuesday, brought to you by the National RV Training Academy (NRVTA)—the largest hands-on RV training academy in America! Today, we’re answering a question from one of our viewers about the possibility of a 12V absorption refrigerator. Let’s dive in!
The Question: Why Isn’t There a 12V + Propane Absorption Refrigerator?
Why a combination 12V absorption refrigerator hasn’t been developed. Their thought process makes sense:
- While on shore power, a 12V system could run from the batteries and converter.
- While driving, the battery and tow vehicle alternator could keep the fridge running, eliminating the need for an open propane flame.
- While boondocking, switching to propane would save battery power.
- Yes, this would increase the cost of a fridge by about 25-35%, but that’s minimal compared to the cost of multiple lithium batteries.
Sounds like a great idea, right? Well, let’s break it down.
Current RV Refrigerator Options
1. Three-Way Absorption Refrigerators
A three-way absorption fridge already exists! These refrigerators can operate on:
- 120V shore power
- Propane
- 12V heating element (used while driving)
However, absorption refrigerators rely on a heat source (either 120V, propane, or a 12V heating element) to facilitate cooling. A 12V heating element draws a significant amount of power—far more than a standard 12V compressor fridge.
2. 12V Compressor Refrigerators
A 12V compressor fridge operates more like a residential fridge but is built for RVs. These fridges:
- Run entirely on 12V DC power
- Use a compressor instead of absorption cooling
- Are highly energy-efficient, consuming around 200 watts per hour
If you’re boondocking, a couple of 200W solar panels can power your fridge during the day. However, if you still prefer propane as an option, things get tricky.
Why Isn’t a 12V + Propane Absorption Fridge Common?
The main issue is the energy efficiency of 12V heating elements.
- A 12V compressor fridge is efficient, drawing 200W per hour.
- A 12V heating element for an absorption fridge draws 400-500W, which is inefficient for battery-powered setups.
While you could technically build a 12V absorption fridge that also runs on propane, it wouldn’t be very practical due to the high power draw. This is why three-way absorption fridges and 12V compressor fridges remain the primary options for RVers.
Best Choice for Your RV?
- If you want versatility and propane backup: Choose a three-way absorption refrigerator.
- If you prefer energy efficiency and plan to use solar: A 12V compressor fridge is the better option.
Either way, it’s great to see innovative thinking when it comes to RV appliances. Keep those questions coming, and we’ll continue to break down the best tech tips for your RV life!
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